Gestational Diabetes – Implications For Expectant Mothers

Gestational diabetes is a type of diabetes that develops during pregnancy. It occurs when the body cannot produce enough insulin to meet the increased demands of pregnancy, leading to high blood sugar levels. This condition usually appears in the second or third trimester and typically resolves after delivery. However, it can have significant implications for both the mother and the baby if not managed properly.

Learn More: Guide To Diabetes In Singapore >>

What Is Gestational Diabetes?

Gestational diabetes is characterised by high blood sugar levels that develop during pregnancy. It is caused by the hormonal changes that occur during pregnancy, which can lead to insulin resistance. Insulin is a hormone that helps regulate blood sugar levels, and when the body becomes resistant to insulin, blood sugar levels can rise.

Why And When Does it Happen?

Gestational diabetes usually occurs between the 24th and 28th weeks of pregnancy. This is when the placenta produces hormones that can lead to insulin resistance. Women who are overweight, have a family history of diabetes, or have had this type of diabetes in a previous pregnancy are at a higher risk of developing this condition again.

Implications For The Mother And Child

Gestational diabetes can have several implications for the mother. It increases the risk of developing type 2 diabetes later in life. Additionally, it can lead to complications such as high blood pressure, preeclampsia, and the need for a cesarean section. Proper management of this condition is essential to reduce these risks and ensure a healthy pregnancy.

Children born to mothers with gestational diabetes are at increased risk for obesity and type 2 diabetes.

Gestational Diabetes Symptoms

Most women with gestational diabetes do not experience noticeable symptoms. However, some may notice increased thirst, frequent urination, fatigue, and blurred vision3. It is important to undergo routine screening for gestational diabetes during pregnancy to detect and manage the condition early.

Treatments

Diabetes Medication and Insulin

• Insulin therapy: This is usually the treatment of choice if medication is necessary, as insulin is safe for the baby.
• Oral medications: Medications such as metformin or glyburide may be prescribed. However, insulin treatment is the preferred approach.

Dietary Changes

• Maintain a healthy diet: A diet rich in whole grains, fruits & vegetables, and lean proteins can help to control blood sugar levels.
• Reduce consumption of sugars and refined carbohydrates: Sugary foods and refined carbohydrate’s can cause spikes in blood sugar and should be avoided.
• Keep to a moderate intake of carbohydrates: This helps to maintain stability in blood sugar levels. Consulting a dietitian on this would help.

Physical Activity

Regular, moderate exercise (150 minutes a week) can improve insulin sensitivity and help to keep blood sugar levels under control. These can include walking, swimming, or prenatal yoga.

Contact Us For A Consultation With An Endocrinologist On Your Gestational Diabetes Concerns

By understanding gestational diabetes and taking proactive steps to manage it, you can have a healthy pregnancy and reduce the risk of complications. If you have any concerns about it, it is important to consult with a doctor for personalised advice and support. Contact us via the button below for an appointment with an endocrinologist.

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