Cancer is a killer disease in Singapore, and early detection is crucial for effective treatment. One of the methods used for early detection and monitoring of cancer is a blood test for cancer markers. These tests are widely available and can provide valuable insights into an individual’s health status. In this article, we will discuss what cancer markers are, how blood tests can help in cancer detection, and where to get tested in Singapore.
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What Are Cancer Markers?
Cancer markers, also known as tumour markers, are substances produced by cancer cells or by the body in response to cancer. These markers are found in the blood, urine, or tissues and can indicate the presence of certain types of cancer. However, elevated levels of cancer markers do not always mean that a person has cancer, as other conditions can also cause increased levels.
Some common cancer markers tested through blood tests include:
- Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP): Often associated with liver cancer and certain types of testicular and ovarian cancers.
- Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA): Used to monitor colorectal cancer and other cancers such as lung, breast, and pancreatic cancers.
- Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA): A marker for prostate cancer.
- CA 125: Commonly used to detect ovarian cancer.
- CA 19-9: Associated with pancreatic and gastrointestinal cancers.
- Thyroglobulin: Used to monitor thyroid cancer.
How Blood Tests Help in Cancer Detection
Blood tests for cancer markers are not definitive diagnostic tools but can provide useful information for doctors to assess a patient’s health. They are primarily used for:
- Screening for Cancer: Some markers can help in detecting cancers at an early stage, particularly in high-risk individuals.
- Monitoring Cancer Treatment: Doctors use these tests to evaluate how well a treatment is working by observing changes in marker levels over time.
- Detecting Cancer Recurrence: Blood tests can help identify if cancer has returned after treatment.
- Assessing Cancer Progression: These tests can indicate whether cancer is spreading or stabilising.
Who Should Consider a Blood Test for Cancer Markers?
Individuals who may benefit from cancer marker blood tests include:
- Those with a family history of cancer.
- People experiencing unexplained symptoms such as persistent fatigue, unexplained weight loss, or abnormal lumps.
- Individuals undergoing cancer treatment to monitor their response.
- Those in remission who require regular follow-ups to check for recurrence.
Where to Get a Blood Test for Cancer Markers in Singapore
Singapore has numerous healthcare facilities that offer blood tests for cancer markers. These include:
- Public Hospitals and Polyclinics: Government-run institutions provide cancer marker tests as part of their diagnostic and screening services.
- Private Hospitals and Clinics: Private facilities offer a range of cancer screening options, including blood tests for cancer markers.
- Medical Laboratories: Standalone diagnostic centres offer blood tests that can be booked without requiring a referral from a specialist.
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We have partnerships with reputable healthcare providers that offer health screening packages, including cancer marker tests. These packages provide a convenient and comprehensive way to assess your health status.
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How to Prepare for a Cancer Marker Blood Test
Preparation for a cancer marker blood test varies depending on the specific test being conducted. In general:
- Some tests require fasting for several hours before the blood sample is taken.
- Inform your doctor of any medications or supplements you are taking, as they may affect the results.
- Stay hydrated and follow any specific instructions provided by the healthcare provider.
Limitations of Blood Tests for Cancer Markers
While blood tests for cancer markers are useful tools, they have limitations:
- False Positives and False Negatives: Elevated marker levels do not always indicate cancer, and some cancers do not produce detectable markers.
- Not a Standalone Diagnostic Tool: These tests should be used in conjunction with other diagnostic procedures such as imaging scans and biopsies.
- Variation in Marker Levels: Levels of cancer markers can fluctuate due to non-cancerous conditions such as infections or inflammation.
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This article is informative only and is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment, and should never be relied upon for specific medical advice.