Diabetes Singapore - The Silent Disease You Should Not Ignore

What are the main types of diabetes?

There are three main types of diabetes: Type 1, Type 2, and gestational diabetes. Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune condition where the body attacks its own insulin-producing cells, and it usually develops in childhood or early adulthood. Type 2 diabetes, which is the most common form, occurs when the body becomes resistant to insulin or does not produce enough insulin, often linked to lifestyle factors. Gestational diabetes affects some women during pregnancy and usually resolves after childbirth. 

What are the common symptoms of diabetes?

The most common symptoms of diabetes include excessive thirst, frequent urination, unexplained weight loss, fatigue, blurred vision, and slow healing of wounds. Some people may experience tingling or numbness in their hands and feet. However, many individuals may not show noticeable symptoms in the early stages, which is why regular health screenings are important. 

How is diabetes screening done?

Diabetes screening typically involves a simple blood test to measure blood glucose levels, either through a fasting blood glucose test or an HbA1c test, which provides an average blood sugar level over the past few months. Regular health screenings are encouraged, particularly for individuals over 40 years old or those with risk factors such as obesity or a family history of diabetes. 

What are the treatment options for diabetes?

The treatment of diabetes generally involves managing blood sugar levels through medication, diet, and exercise. For Type 1 diabetes, insulin injections are essential. For Type 2 diabetes, oral medications may be prescribed, and in some cases, insulin therapy is required. Lifestyle changes, including a balanced diet and regular physical activity, are critical for both types. 

What are the risks of not managing diabetes properly?

If diabetes is not properly managed, it can lead to serious health complications such as heart disease, stroke, kidney failure, nerve damage, and vision problems, including blindness. In addition, poorly managed diabetes can weaken the immune system, making individuals more susceptible to infections. Regular check-ups, blood sugar monitoring, and adherence to treatment plans are essential to prevent these complications and maintain a good quality of life.