The HPV vaccine in Singapore is a crucial step in preventing certain types of cancers and other health complications associated with the human papillomavirus (HPV). Whether you are a parent considering vaccination for your child or an adult looking to protect yourself, understanding the benefits of the HPV vaccine is essential.
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Who Should Get the HPV Vaccine in Singapore?
The HPV vaccine is recommended under the National Childhood Immunisation Schedule (NCIS) and the National Adult Immunisation Schedule (NAIS) for all females aged 9 to 26. This is due to its cost-effectiveness and significant impact in preventing cervical cancer. However, males may also benefit from vaccination, particularly with Gardasil 9, which protects against additional cancer-causing HPV strains and genital warts.
Recommended Age Groups for HPV Vaccination:
- Females aged 9 to 26: Recommended under NCIS and NAIS for cervical cancer prevention.
- Males aged 9 to 45: May receive the Gardasil 9 vaccine for broader protection.
- Individuals above 26 years old: Should consult a doctor to determine if vaccination is beneficial.
The vaccine is most effective when administered before first sexual exposure, but individuals who are already sexually active may still benefit, as they may not have been exposed to all HPV strains covered by the vaccine.
Available HPV Vaccines in Singapore
There are two HPV vaccines available in Singapore:
1. Cervarix (HPV2 Vaccine)
- Protects against HPV types 16 and 18, which account for approximately 70% of cervical cancers.
- Approved for females aged 9 to 25.
- Vaccination schedule:
- Aged 9 to 14: Two doses, 5 to 13 months apart.
- Aged 15 to 25: Three doses (second dose 1 to 2.5 months after the first; third dose 5 to 12 months after the first).
2. Gardasil 9 (HPV9 Vaccine)
- Provides protection against nine HPV strains (6, 11, 16, 18, 31, 33, 45, 52, 58).
- Prevents cervical, vulvar, vaginal, and anal cancers, as well as genital warts.
- Approved for both females and males aged 9 to 45.
- Vaccination schedule:
- Aged 9 to 14: Two doses, 5 to 13 months apart.
- Aged 15 to 45: Three doses (second dose 2 months after the first; third dose 4 months after the second).
Is the HPV Vaccine Necessary?
Yes, the HPV vaccine is an important preventive measure against HPV-related diseases. In Singapore, cervical cancer ranks as the 10th most common cause of cancer deaths from 2017 to 2021, and the HPV vaccine significantly reduces the risk of developing it. Additionally, HPV can cause genital warts and other cancers affecting both men and women.
Cost and Availability of the HPV Vaccine in Singapore
The cost of the HPV vaccine in Singapore varies depending on the clinic and type of vaccine. There are three main types of HPV vaccines available:
- Gardasil 9: Covers nine HPV strains and is the most comprehensive option.
- Gardasil: Protects against four HPV strains.
- Cervarix: Protects against two high-risk HPV strains.
Many private clinics, hospitals, and polyclinics offer the HPV vaccine. Some insurance plans may cover part of the cost, and eligible Singaporean females may be able to receive subsidies under government schemes.
Potential Side Effects of the HPV Vaccine
The HPV vaccine is generally safe and well-tolerated. Common side effects include:
- Soreness or redness at the injection site.
- Mild fever.
- Headache or fatigue.
Serious side effects are rare. Individuals with severe allergies should consult a doctor before vaccination.
Where to Get the HPV Vaccine in Singapore
The HPV vaccine is available at:
- Polyclinics: Often the most affordable option
- Private GP clinics: Convenient with shorter waiting times
- Hospitals and specialist clinics: Suitable for those who prefer a comprehensive consultation
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This article is informative only and is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment, and should never be relied upon for specific medical advice.