A knee fracture, though less common than other types of bone injuries, can be a serious condition requiring prompt medical attention. Whether caused by a fall, sports injury, or an accident, a fractured knee can lead to long-term complications if not treated properly. Recognising the symptoms early is crucial for ensuring a swift recovery. In this article, we will explore the symptoms of a fractured knee, how they differ from other knee injuries, and what steps you should take if you suspect you have a knee fracture in Singapore.
What Is A Knee Fracture?
A knee fracture occurs when one or more of the bones that make up the knee joint are broken. The knee is composed of the femur (thigh bone), tibia (shin bone), fibula (a smaller bone running alongside the tibia), and patella (kneecap). A fracture can occur in any of these bones, with the patella being the most commonly fractured due to its position at the front of the knee.
Common Causes Of Knee Fractures
Knee fractures can result from a variety of causes, including:
- Trauma – Direct impact to the knee from a fall, car accident, or sports injury.
- Osteoporosis – Weakened bones due to osteoporosis can fracture more easily, even with minimal trauma.
- Overuse – Repetitive stress on the knee, common in athletes, can lead to stress fractures over time.
Recognising The Symptoms Of A Fractured Knee
Understanding the symptoms of a fractured knee is essential for getting the appropriate medical care. Here are the key signs to watch out for:
1. Severe Pain
One of the most immediate and prominent symptoms of a fractured knee is intense pain, especially when trying to move or bear weight on the affected leg. The pain is usually localised to the area of the fracture, whether it’s the kneecap, femur, or tibia.
2. Swelling and Bruising
Swelling around the knee joint is another common symptom of a fracture. The body’s natural response to injury is to send fluids to the affected area, leading to swelling. Bruising may also occur due to bleeding under the skin, giving the area a black-and-blue appearance.
3. Inability To Move The Knee
A fractured knee often results in a significant reduction in mobility. You may find it difficult or impossible to bend or straighten the knee. In severe cases, the knee may be locked in place due to the displacement of bone fragments.
4. Deformity
In some cases, a fractured knee may cause visible deformity. This can include an unnatural angle of the leg or a protrusion of bone under the skin. Such symptoms indicate a serious fracture that requires immediate medical attention.
5. Instability And Inability To Bear Weight
If you have a fractured knee, you will likely experience instability in the joint, making it difficult or impossible to stand or walk. The knee may feel like it is giving way, and putting weight on the leg may exacerbate the pain.
6. Tenderness And Warmth
The area around the fracture may be tender to the touch, and you may feel warmth around the knee joint due to inflammation and increased blood flow to the injured area.
Differentiating A Knee Fracture From Other Knee Injuries
While many knee injuries share similar symptoms, such as pain and swelling, a fractured knee typically involves more severe symptoms like intense pain, deformity, and an inability to move the knee. Unlike ligament or tendon injuries, which may allow some degree of movement, a knee fracture often results in a complete loss of mobility in the affected leg.
When To Seek Medical Attention
If you suspect you have a fractured knee, it is crucial to seek medical attention immediately. In Singapore, you can visit a hospital emergency department or an orthopaedic specialist for a thorough examination. Diagnostic imaging, such as X-rays or MRI scans, will be used to confirm the presence and extent of the fracture.
Treatment Options For Knee Fractures In Singapore
The treatment for a fractured knee depends on the severity and location of the fracture. Common treatment options include:
- Immobilisation – For minor fractures, immobilisation with a cast or brace may be sufficient to allow the bone to heal naturally.
- Surgery – Severe fractures may require surgical intervention to realign and stabilise the bones. This can involve the use of screws, plates, or rods to hold the bones in place.
- Physiotherapy – After the initial healing process, physiotherapy is often necessary to restore strength, flexibility, and range of motion in the knee joint.
Preventing Knee Fractures
While accidents cannot always be prevented, taking certain precautions can reduce the risk of a knee fracture:
- Wear Protective Gear – If you engage in high-impact sports or activities, wearing appropriate protective gear, such as knee pads, can help prevent injuries.
- Strengthen Your Muscles – Strong muscles around the knee joint can provide better support and reduce the risk of fractures.
- Bone Health – Maintaining healthy bones through a balanced diet rich in calcium and vitamin D, along with regular weight-bearing exercises, can help prevent fractures, especially in older adults.
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This article is informative only and is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment, and should never be relied upon for specific medical advice.