Singapore is no stranger to haze. Haze in Singapore is an environmental challenge that poses health risks and disrupts daily life. In this article, we will delve into haze – what it is, its effects on health, and provide tips to protect yourself from this hazard.
What Is Haze?
Haze is a phenomenon when the atmosphere is filled with a concentration of fine particles, smoke, dust, and other pollutants, resulting in reduced visibility and a characteristic misty or smoky appearance. These particles may be suspended in the air for extended periods, leading to hazy conditions. The key air pollutant during the haze period in Singapore is particulate matter (PM). Forest fires are the major cause of haze in Singapore.
What Are The Effects Of Haze On My Health?
Short-term exposure to haze (e.g. for a few days) may lead to irritation to the eyes, nose, and throat. However, these symptoms usually resolve on their own. Individuals with chronic heart or lung disease such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), or heart failure may be affected by haze particles particularly in the heart and lungs.
How Do I Protect Myself During Haze Periods?
It is important to understand the Pollutant Standard Index (PSI) which is used to measure haze levels. You may use PSI readings to your advantage in planning activities and protecting yourself during haze periods.
Here are some guidelines for haze in Singapore from the Ministry Of Health.
24-hour PSI | Healthy Persons | Elderly, Pregnant Women, Children | Persons with Chronic Lung or Heart Disease |
0-50 (Good) | Continue with normal activities | Continue with normal activities | Continue with normal activities |
51-100 (Moderate) | Continue with normal activities | Continue with normal activities | Continue with normal activities |
101-200 (Unhealthy) | Reduce prolonged or strenuous outdoor physical exertion | Minimise prolonged or strenuous outdoor physical exertion | Avoid prolonged or strenuous outdoor physical exertion |
201-300 (Very Unhealthy) | Avoid prolonged or strenuous outdoor physical exertion | Minimise outdoor activity | Avoid outdoor activity |
>300 (Hazardous) | Minimise outdoor activity | Avoid outdoor activity | Avoid outdoor activity |
In general, reducing outdoor activities and physical exertion may help limit the ill effects of haze exposure. Wearing an N95 mask or KN95 mask when the need to go outdoors arises, may also help filter out haze particles.
It is to note that the amount of physical activity outdoors during haze periods may vary according to an individual’s health status or capacity.
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This article is informative only and is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment, and should never be relied upon for specific medical advice.